A colorless, pale liquid with an amine-like smell. The explosion limit of the mixture of mp vapor and air is 2.2% to 15.2%. Miscible with water and common organic solvents. It can cause combustion and explosion when exposed to open flames or high heat. It can react violently with concentrated sulfuric acid and fuming nitric acid, and even explode. Flammable. It poses a risk of combustion and explosion when exposed to open flames, high heat or in contact with oxidants. It can react violently with concentrated sulfuric acid and fuming nitric acid, and even cause an explosion. It can react strongly with halides (such as carbon tetrachloride).
N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is a colorless liquid with a distinctive pungent odor.
Nature:
1. Density: The density of DMF is 0.944 g/mL, indicating its weight ratio relative to water.
2. Solubility: DMF is highly soluble in water and can be miscible with many organic solvents, such as alcohols, ethers, ethers, aromatics, etc. Due to its good solubility, DMF is often used as a solvent or medium.
3. Stability: DMF is sensitive to light and air and is prone to oxidation and decomposition. Under conditions of high temperature, light exposure or long-term storage, DMF may decompose to produce toxic or harmful gases.
4. Acidity and alkalinity: DMF is a strongly alkaline solvent that can react with acids to form salts. It can react with many strong acids to form the corresponding DMF salts.
5. Flammability: DMF can burn, generating combustion products such as carbon dioxide, water and nitric oxide. Under an open flame, DMF may produce toxic gases when burning.
N, N-dimethylformamide (abbreviated as DMF) is a commonly used organic solvent, which has extremely strong solubility and good stability. It has extensive applications in the field of chemistry.
DMF is often used as a solvent in organic synthesis. It has good solubility and can dissolve a variety of organic compounds, and is widely used in organic synthesis reactions. DMF can react with a variety of organic compounds, such as reacting with acylation reagents to prepare esters and with aromatic compounds to prepare amides, etc.
Secondly, DMF is also applied in the polymer industry. It can be used as a reaction solvent for high-molecular compounds such as polyurethane, phenolic resin and polyamide. DMF can also be used as a solvent for synthesizing cellulose dissolving pastes, paints, coatings, etc.
In addition, DMF can also be used as an electrolyte solvent. Its polarity and stability make it suitable as an electrolyte solvent in devices such as lithium-ion batteries and solar cells.
In the preparation of nanomaterials, DMF can be used as a solvent or reaction medium to synthesize nanomaterials and adjust their particle size and morphology.
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Molecular Formula | C3H7NO |
Molar Mass | 73.09 |
Density | 0.944 g/mL (lit.) |
Bod topenia | -61 °C (lit.) |
Boling Point | 153 °C (lit.) |
Specific Rotation(α) | 0.94 º |
Flash Point | 136°F |
Rozpustnosť vo vode | soluble |
Solubility | water: miscible |
Vapor Presure | 2.7 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
Vapor Density | 2.5 (vs air) |
Vzhľad | liquid |
Color | APHA: ≤15 |
Zápach | Faint, ammonia-like odor detectable at 100 ppm |
Exposure Limit | NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3), IDLH 500 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 10ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 10 ppm (adopted). |
Maximum wavelength(λmax) | λ: 270 nm Amax: 1.00λ: 275 nm Amax: 0.30λ: 295 nm Amax: 0.10λ: 310 nm Amax: 0.05λ: 340-400 nm Amax: |
Merck | 14,3243 |
BRN | 605365 |
pKa | -0.44±0.70(Predicted) |
PH | 7 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
Storage Condition | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
Explosive Limit | 2.2-16%(V) |
Refractive Index | n20/D 1.430(lit.) |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Density 0.945 melting point -61°C boiling point 153°C refractive index 1.429-1.432 flash point 58°C specific rotation 0.94 ° water-soluble solution |
Použite | Used as analytical reagents and ethylene resin, acetylene solvent |
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