Benzidine is a white, greyish-yellow, or slightly reddish crystalline solid or powder. The major use for benzidine is in the production of dyes, especially azo dyes in the leather, textile, and paper industries and as a synthetic precursor in the preparation and manufacture of dyestuffs. It is also used in the manufacture of rubber, as a reagent, and as a stain in microscopy. It is slightly soluble and slowly changes from a solid to a gas.It appears as white or light pink crystalline powder with a melting point of 125 ℃, the boiling point of 400 ℃, (98.7kPa) and the relative density of 1.250 (20/4 ℃). It is soluble in boiling ethanol, acetic acid and diluted hydrochloric acid, slightly soluble in ether, slightly soluble in boiling water and slightly soluble in cold water. Its color is darkened under air and light. Analysis reagents are usually benzodine hydrochloride or acetate, which is more soluble, and sulfate is commonly used in the industry. Benzidine acetate is white or nearly white crystals, being soluble in water, acetic acid and hydrochloric acid, as an indicator.
Important dye intermediates, benzidine and its derivatives can be used to make direct dyes, acid dyes, vat dyes, ice dyed dyes, sulfur dyes, reactive dyes and organic pigments. More than 250 dyes are made from benzidine, of which the most important is the direct black EW. The benzidine yellow is a widely used organic pigment.
Benzidine was used extensively in the manu facture of dyes. Because of its cancer-causingeffects in humans, its application in dyes hasbeen curtailed. Other uses of this compoundare in chemical analysis: as a reagent for thedetermination of hydrogen peroxide in milkand in the analysis of nicotine. Its hydrochlo ride is used as a reagent to analyze metalsand sulfate.
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Product Name: | Benzidine |
Synonyms: | [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine;4,4’-bianiline;4,4’-biphenylenediamine;4,4’-diamino-bipheny;4,4’-diaminodiphenyl;benzydyna(polish);biphenyl -4,4'-ylenediamine;Biphenyl,4,4'-diamino- |
CAS: | 92-87-5 |
MF: | C12H12N2 |
MW: | 184.24 |
EINECS: | 202-199-1 |
Product Categories: | Intermediates of Dyes and Pigments |
Mol File: | 92-87-5.mol |
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Benzidine Chemical Properties |
Melting point | 127-128 °C |
Boiling point | 402°C |
density | 1.25 |
vapor pressure | Based on the specific vapor density value of 6.36 (Sims et al., 1988), the vapor pressure wascalculated to be 0.83 at 20 °C. |
refractive index | 1.6266 (estimate) |
Fp | 11 °C |
storage temp. | 2-8°C |
solubility | Soluble in ethanol (U.S. EPA, 1985) and ether (1 g/50 mL) (Windholz et al., 1983) |
pka | 4.66(at 30℃) |
color | Grayish-yellow, crystalline powder; white or sltlyreddish crystals, powder |
Water Solubility | Sparingly soluble. <0.1 g/100 mL at 22 ºC |
Merck | 13,1077 |
BRN | 742770 |
Henry's Law Constant | (x 10-11 atm?m3/mol): 3.88 at 25 °C (estimated, Howard, 1989) |
Exposure limits | Because it is a carcinogen and readily absorbed through skin, no TLV has been assigned. Exposure should be at an absolute minimum. Recognized Human Carcinogen (ACGIH); Human Carcinogen (MSHA); Carcinogen (OSHA); Human Sufficient Evidence, Animal Sufficient Evidence (IARC). |
Stability: | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
InChIKey | HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS DataBase Reference | 92-87-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Benzidine(92-87-5) |
IARC | 1 (Vol. 29, Sup 7, 99, 100F) 2012 |
EPA Substance Registry System | Benzidine (92-87-5) |
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