Paraffin wax, also known as crystalline wax, is a non-polar solvent soluble in gasoline, carbon disulfide, xylene, ether, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, naphtha and other non-polar solvents, insoluble in water and methanol and other polar solvents.

Paraffin wax is a flake or acicular crystal obtained from the distillation of crude oil by solvent refining, solvent dewaxing or frozen crystallization of wax, press dewaxing, and then deoiling, and supplemented by refining. According to the different degree of processing and refining, it can be divided into three kinds: fully refined paraffin, semi-refined paraffin and crude paraffin.

Crude paraffin is mainly used in the manufacture of matches, fiberboard, canvas and so on because of its large oil content. After adding polyolefin additives to paraffin wax, its melting point is increased, its adhesion and flexibility are increased, and it is widely used in moisture-proof and waterproof wrapping paper, cardboard, the surface coating of some textiles and the production of candles.

After the paper is immersed in paraffin wax, a variety of waxed paper with good waterproof performance can be prepared, which can be used in food, medicine and other packaging, metal rust prevention and printing industry; When paraffin is added to cotton yarn, the textile can be soft, smooth and elastic. Paraffin wax can also be produced detergent, emulsifier, dispersant, plasticizer, grease and so on.

Fully refined paraffin wax and semi-refined paraffin wax are widely used, mainly used as food, oral drugs and some commodities (such as waxed paper, crayons, candles, carbon paper) components and packaging materials, baking containers for dressing, for fruit preservation, electrical components insulation, improve rubber anti-aging and increase flexibility. It can also be used for oxidation to produce synthetic fatty acids.

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Paraffin wax, also known as crystalline wax, is usually a white, odorless waxy solid, melting at 47°C-64°C, density of about 0.9g/cm3, soluble in gasoline, carbon disulfide, xylene, ether, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, naphtha and other non-polar solvents, insoluble in water and methanol and other polar solvents. Pure paraffin wax is a good insulator, with a resistivity of 1013-1017 ohms · m, higher than most materials except for some plastics (especially Teflon). Paraffin is also a good heat storage material, with a specific heat capacity of 2.14-2.9J· g-1 · k-1 and a melting heat of 200-220j · g-1. The main performance indexes of paraffin wax are melting point, oil content and stability.

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As a latent heat storage material, paraffin has the advantages of large latent heat of phase transformation, small volume change during solid-liquid phase transformation, good thermal stability, no supercooling phenomenon, and low price. And the development of aviation, aerospace, microelectronics and optoelectronics technology, often requires that a large amount of dissipative heat generated when high-power components work can only be dissipated in a limited heat dissipation area and a very short time, and low-melting phase change materials can quickly reach the melting point compared to high-melting phase change materials, and make full use of latent heat to achieve temperature control. The thermal response time is relatively short, so that paraffin wax has many advantages in aviation, aerospace, microelectronics and other high-tech systems, as well as house energy saving and other fields have been widely used.