Arabic Gum

Arabic gum is derived from the exudate of the trunk of the acacia tree in the leguminous family, so it is also called acacia gum. The main components of gum Arabic are high molecular polysaccharide and its calcium, magnesium and potassium salts. It mainly includes gum aldose, galactose, glucuronic acid and so on. Good quality gum Arabic color is amber, and the particles are large and round, mainly produced in Africa.

Gum Arabic is a safe and harmless thickening agent that solidifies naturally in the air. Light white to light yellowish brown translucent block, or white to orange brown granular or powder, is a molecular weight of 220-300,000 polymer electrolyte. Odorless, tasteless, flammable. It can be gradually dissolved into an acidic viscous liquid in water, and after some time the viscosity is reduced, the solubility is about 50%(W/V), and it is insoluble in ethanol. Form a stable coacervate layer with gelatin or albumin. Free Arabic acid is obtained by precipitating it with acidic alcohol.

Food industry
Gum Arabic was once the most widely used and the largest amount of hydrosol in the food industry, and the annual demand in the world remains at about 40,000-50,000 tons.
Arabic gum can also be widely used in beverage production, such as in the production of soft drink concentrates where it stabilizes flavor and essential oils. It is also used in the manufacture of candy, like traditional hard (alcoholic) gummies, gummies, and as a foam stabilizer for marshmallows.
Gum Arabic is a carbohydrate polymer that can be partially degraded in the large intestine. It can supplement cellulose for the body, and its energy value is less than half that of starch and maltodextrin. More specifically, gum Arabic is a mixture of arabinogalactose oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and protein sugars. Depending on the source, the proportion of D-galactose (gum acacia) and L-gum aldose in the polysaccharide component is also different. Compared with acacia acacia, gum acacia contains more 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronic acid and less L-rhamnose and irreplaceable D-glucuronic acid. With a high degree of solubility, the ordinary gum can only add about 5-8% of the colloid in the process of dissolving water to reach saturation, and the mixing ratio of Arabic gum and water can be as high as 60%, and it can have a very high viscosity performance at high content. Because it is a water-based adhesive, it will not dissolve in oil and alcohol, but if the alcohol content is less than 15%, it can be dissolved.
Arabic gum has good emulsifying properties, especially suitable for oil-in-water emulsion system, and is widely used as emulsifying stabilizer in emulsifying essence. It also has good film forming characteristics; As a microcapsule film forming agent, it is used to convert essential oils or other liquid raw materials into powder form, which can prolong flavor quality and prevent oxidation, and is also used as a flavor carrier for baking products. Gum Arabic can hinder the formation of sugar crystals, used in candy as an anti-crystallization agent to prevent crystal precipitation, but also can effectively emulsify the milk fat in milk candy, to avoid overflow; It is also used for polishing the surface of chocolate, so that chocolate only dissolves in the mouth, not in the hand; In carbonated beverages such as cola, gum Arabic is used to emulsify and disperse essential oils and oil-soluble pigments, so as to avoid the pigment circle at the bottleneck caused by the floating of essential oils and pigments during storage. Arabic gum is also used as a beverage mist with vegetable oil and resin to increase the diversity of the appearance of the beverage.
In nutrition, gum Arabic basically does not produce heat, is a good water-soluble dietary fiber, is used in health products candy and drinks. In medicine, gum Arabic also has the function of lowering cholesterol in the blood. Gum Arabic is also widely used in other industries. The application in the food industry can be summarized as: natural emulsifying stabilizer, thickener, suspension agent, adhesive, film forming agent, polish agent, water-soluble dietary fiber and so on.

Printing industry
The printing plate is mainly rubbed with acacia liquid.
Gum Arabic is a solid crystalline object, when it is soaked in water, it will absorb water and swell, and finally become a sticky colloidal solution. After the liquid colloid is rubbed on the printing plate and the water evaporates, the glue will return from the liquid state to the original solid state and adsorb on the plate. Its role is that after the glue is dried, it is covered with a hardened adhesive film, and the printing plate is isolated from the air, so as to prevent oxidation.
Arabic gum contains Arabic acid (X-COOH), this acid is a good cleaning agent to remove the grease of the page, and its role is greater after drying.
After the page is rubbed with Arabic gum, the glue liquid is in contact with the inorganic salt layer of the page to form a better hydrophilic film and improve the hydrophilicity of the page.

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Gum Arabic is the world's oldest and most well-known natural glue, as for its earliest application must go back to five thousand years ago in ancient Egypt, when it has been applied to gum Arabic, and with the progress of time, its use is more extensive, especially in the application of food additives, such as emulsifying additives in beverages, to maintain the flavor of the capsule. Food adhesives, Coating of candy or chocolate to enhance taste and prevent precipitation... And dozens of uses. Especially in modern people's requirements for food health, natural plant-based gum Arabic contains a large amount of dietary fiber in line with the requirements of healthy food, and this high-fiber food feature has become a good raw material for modern food.
Arabic gum is commonly used to make powdered oils, and is often used with gelatin because of its good water solubility and emulsification, which can increase the microencapsulation efficiency of the inclusions during the embedding process.
After encountering carbonated beverages containing carbonate components, the surface tension of water molecules is more easily broken through, and more carbon dioxide is released at an alarming rate. Due to the violent reaction, the gas generated makes the beverage spray very high, and it should be paid attention to when drinking, so as not to be harmed.

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