Cubic crystalline system, white crystalline solid block, flake particles or powder, deliquescent, with a faint bitter almond odor. The relative density is 1.596. Melting point 563.7℃. Boiling point 1496℃. Soluble in water, ammonia, ethanol and methanol. Sodium cyanide, which is easy to crystallize in aqueous solution below 34℃, often contains 1 or 2 crystal water. When the temperature is above 37,4℃, the crystal water is lost and becomes a strong base and weak acid salt. It is easy to interact with acids, and even very weak acids can react with it. Metals such as iron, zinc, nickel, copper, cobalt, silver, and cadmium melt into sodium cyanide solutions to produce the corresponding cyanide compounds. With the participation of oxygen, it can dissolve precious metals such as gold and silver and generate complex salts.
It is used as a quenching agent for various steels in the machinery industry. As the main components of copper, silver, cadmium and zinc plating industry. Used in the metallurgical industry to extract gold, silver and other precious metals. In the chemical industry, it is a raw material for the manufacture of various inorganic cyanide and hydrocyanic acid, and is also used for the manufacture of plexiglass, various synthetic materials, nitrile rubber, and copolymers of synthetic fibers. In the dye industry, it is used to manufacture cyanogen chloride (reactive dye intermediate, and raw material for the production of whitening agent). In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used to manufacture methyl cyanoacetate and diethyl malonate. It is used as a mordant in the textile industry, and is also used for liquid carburizing and nitriding of steel. The main inorganic cyanides produced directly from sodium cyanide are sodium flavorblood salt, potassium flavorblood salt, potassium cyanide, zinc cyanide, barium cyanide, cuprous cyanide, sodium thiocyanide and potassium thiocyanide. Organic cyanides include cyanacetic acid, malononitrile, methionine, benzyl cyanide, melamine chloride and so on. The main products of hydrogen cyanide reproduction using sodium cyanide are: methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, azodiisobutyronitrile, azodiisoheptanitrile, subamino-triacetic acid, hydroxyacetonitrile and so on.
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Molecular Formula | CNNa |
Molar Mass | 49.01 |
Density | 1.6 |
Melting Point | 563.7°C(lit.) |
Boling Point | 1497°C |
Flash Point | 1500°C |
Water Solubility | 37 g/100mL (20 ºC) |
Solubility | H2O: 1M at20°C, clear, colorless |
Vapor Presure | 1 mm Hg ( 817 °C) |
Vapor Density | 1.7 (vs air) |
Appearance | Powder |
Color | White |
Odor | The dry salts are odorless, but reaction with atmospheric moisture produces HCN,whose bitter almond |
Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA (measured as CN) skin 5 mg CN/m3 (ACGIH and OSHA), 5 mg CN/m3/ 10-minute ceiling (NIOSH). |
Merck | 14,8605 |
BRN | 3587243 |
pKa | 9.36[at 20 ℃] |
PH | 11.7 (100g/l, H2O, 20°C) |
Storage Condition | Poison room |
Stability | hygroscopic |
Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Vapor Density: 1.7 (vs air) vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg ( 817 ℃) solubility: H2O: 1 M at 20 ℃, clear, colorless storage conditions: Poison room sensitivity: hygropic WGK Germany:3 RTECS:VZ7525000 |
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