English name: Ninhydrin; 1,2,3-Indantrione hydrate; 2,2-Dihydroxyinden-1,3-dione; 2,2-Dihydroxy-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione; Triketohydrindene hydrate;Trioxohydrindene monohydrate

Appearance: White or light yellow crystalline or crystalline powder. Can absorb moisture and clump. Gradually change color when exposed to light or air. It turns red at 125 ºC, expands in volume at 139 ºC, and decomposes at 241 ºC. Soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in ether and c-h-l-o-r-o-f-o-r-m. The minimum lethal dose (rat, oral) is 250mg/kg. It is stimulating.

Ninhydrin hydrate is the hydrate of Indene Tripone. Molecular formula C9H6O4. Molecular weight 178.14. Light yellow columnar crystals. Melting point 241 ºC (decomposition). Heat to above 100 ºC and the color will turn red. Easy to dissolve in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in ether and chloroform. Indene ketone can be synthesized by cyclization, hydrolysis, and decarboxylation of diethyl phthalate and ethyl acetate, followed by oxidation and hydration with selenium dioxide

Ninhydrin hydrate can be used as an analytical reagent to identify substances such as amino acids, proteins, peptides, vitamin C. When hydrated ninhydrin reacts with these substances, a specific color change occurs, such as dark blue or purple, which is called the ninhydride reaction. This reaction is very sensitive and can be used for quantitative determination of amino acid content in samples, or as a color reagent for qualitative and quantitative determination when separating amino acids.

Ninhydrin hydrate is a sensitive colorimetric reagent for proteins, amino acids, and peptones. Indene-1,3-dione has two additional hydroxyl substituents at position 2. Hydrated indole-3-acetic acid has the function of serving as a color indicator and human metabolite.

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