Formic acid (HCO2H), also called methanoic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid. Formic acid was first isolated by the distillation of ant bodies and was named after the Latin formica, meaning "ant." Its proper IUPAC name is now methanoic acid. Industrially, formic acid is produced by treatment of carbon monoxide with an alcohol such as methanol (methyl alcohol) in the presence of a catalyst.
Formic acid is found both naturally occurring and frequently synthesized in laboratories. It is most naturally found in the stings and bites of many insects, including bees and ants, as a chemical defense mechanism.

Formic acid is an organic substance with a chemical formula of HCOOH and a molecular weight of 46.03. It is commonly known as formic acid and is the simplest carboxylic acid. Colorless liquid with pungent odor. Weak electrolyte, strong acid, corrosive, can stimulate skin to blister. Exist in the secretions of bees, some ants and caterpillars. It is an organic chemical raw material, also used as a disinfectant and preservative

Formic acid has a number of commercial uses. It is used in the leather industry to degreaseand remove hair from hides and as an ingredient in tanning formulations. It is used as alatex coagulant in natural rubber production. Formic acid and its formulations are used aspreservatives of silage. It is especially valued in Europe where laws require the use of naturalantibacterial agents rather than synthetic antibiotics. Silage is fermented grass and crops thatare stored in silos and used for winter feed. Silage is produced during anaerobic fermentationwhen bacteria produce acids that lower the pH, preventing further bacterial action. Acetic acidand lactic acid are the desired acids during silage fermentation. Formic acid is used in silageprocessing to reduce undesirable bacteria and mold growth. Formic acid reduces Clostridiabacteria that would produce butyric acid causing spoilage. In addition to preventing silagespoilage, formic acid helps preserve protein content, improves compaction, and preservessugar content. Formic acid is used as a miticide by beekeepers.

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Formic acid is one of the basic organic chemical raw materials, which is widely used in leather, leather, dyestuff, rubber and other industries.

Leather industry: tanning agent, deashing agent and neutralizing agent for leather. 

Rubber industry: natural rubber coagulant.

Formic acid can be directly used in fabric processing, tanning, textile printing and dyeing, and storage of green fodder. It can also be used as metal surface treatment agent, rubber additive and industrial solvent.