Fluorocytosine

fluorocytosine is also called fluorocytosine, 5-fluorocytosine, Anquzhi, Allah spray, white or white crystalline powder. The inhibitory effect of 5-flucytosine ON FUNGI IS due to its entry into the cells of sensitive fungi, and under the action of cytosine deaminase, the amino group is removed and the anti-metabolite 5-fluorouracil is formed. After Chemicalbook, 5-fluorouracil deoxynucleoside and thymidine nucleoside synthetase were inhibited, and the transformation of uracil deoxynucleoside into thymidine nucleoside was blocked, affecting DNA synthesis. It has good inhibitory effect on Candida, Cryptococcus and Trichoderma. It also has effect on some Aspergillus, as well as the mycospores and bottle fungi that cause skin mycosis.

Flucytosine by mouth is used for the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of Candida or Cryptococcus neoformans. It can also be used for the treatment of chromomycosis(chromoblastomycosis), if susceptible strains cause the infection. Flucytosine must not be used as a sole agent in life-threatening fungal infections due to relatively weak antifungal effects and fast development of resistance, but rather in combination with amphotericin B and/or azoleantifungals such as fluconazole or itraconazole. Minor infections such as candidal cystitis may be treated with flucytosine alone. In some countries, treatment with slow intravenous infusions for no more than a week is also a therapeutic option, particular if the disease is life-threatening.

Serious fungal infections may occur in those who are immunocompromised. These people benefit from combination therapy including flucytosine, but the incidence of side-effects of a combination therapy, particular with amphotericin B, may be higher.

Flucytosine is used for Candida and cryptococcal infections. The effect of single use is not as good as amphotericin B. It can be combined with amphotericin B to enhance the effect (synergistic effect)

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Flucytosine, also known as 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), is an antifungal medication. It is specifically used, together with amphotericin B, for serious Candida infections and cryptococcosis. It may be used by itself or with other antifungals for chromomycosis.Flucytosine is used by mouth and by injection into a vein.

Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, loss of appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, and psychosis.^[1] Anaphylaxis and other allergic reactions occasionally occur.It is unclear if use in pregnancy is safe for the baby. Flucytosine is in the fluorinated pyrimidine analogue family of medications.It works by being converted into fluorouracil inside the fungus which then blocks its ability to make protein.

Flucytosine was first made in 1957. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. As of 2016, in the United States the medication cost about US$2,000 per day while in the United Kingdom it is about US$22 per day.It is not available in much of the developing world.

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