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Sodium Hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is an inorganic compound of sodium salt and hexaphosphoric acid. It is sometimes called Sodium Polymetaphosphate, which stands for a more correct chemical term, but is rarely used among manufacturers, suppliers, and distributors. In general, all applications of SHMP fall into two grades: food grade and industrial/tech grade.Sodium Hexametaphosphate is used in a variety of food products and is labeled as E452i, although it is generally recognized as safe when applied in foods. Due to its characteristics of sequestrant, thickener, emulsifier, and texturizer, SHMP can be found in many daily products that we consume.

Sodium hexametaphosphate, also known as its abbreviation SHMP, a polyphosphate commonly used in dairy products, sausage, seafood, meat processing, toothpaste, and also in water treatment. The European food additive number for it is E452i. Generally, its purpose in food is as a texturizer, sequestrant, thickener, and emulsifier. 

Sodium hexametaphosphate is a kind of sodium metaphosphate polymers. It is also known as "polyvinylidene sodium," "sodium multiple metaphosphate", "sodium metaphosphate vitreous body", and "Graham salt". It is a colorless transparent glass-like solid or white powder with greater solubility but low dissolving rate in water. Its aqueous solution exhibits acidic property. Its complex of divalent metal ion is relatively more stable than the complexes of mono-valent metal ion. It can easily be hydrolyzed to orthophosphate in warm water, acid or alkali solution. Hexametaphosphate has a relative strong hygroscopicity with being sticky after absorbing moisture. For certain metal ions (e.g., calcium, magnesium, etc.), it has the ability to form soluble complexes, and thus being able to being used for demineralizing water. It can also from precipitate with lead and silver ions with precipitate being re-dissolved in excess amount of sodium hexametaphosphate solution to form a complex salt. Its barium salt can also form complexes with the sodium hexametaphosphate. It can be used as a kind of highly efficient water softener of power stations, rolling stock boiler water; as detergent additive, as corrosion-controlling or anti-corrosion agents; as cement hardening accelerator; as streptomycin purification agent, and the cleaning agent of textile industry and dyeing industry. It can also be used as a kind of sedative drug, preservative, stabilizer, and fruit juice precipitant in food industry. In the oil industry, it is used for control of drilling pipe rust and adjusting the viscosity of oil drilling mud. It also has applications in fabric dyeing, tanning, paper, color film, soil analysis, radiation chemistry and analytical chemistry and other departments. Our GB2760-1996 provisions that hexametaphosphate is allowable food additives (water retention agent) for being used for canned food, fruit juice drinks, dairy products, soy products; it can also be used as a dye dispersant, and water treatment agent.

Sodium hexametaphosphate is a water softener, commercially known as Calgon. The term Calgon is associated with calcium, which specifically indicates the elimination of calcium ions from water. The presence of calcium and certain cations in water enhances the water hardness, which in turn is reduced by applying powdered sodium hexametaphosphate, forming complexes with calcium and other ions. In 1963, the German chemists Erich Thilo and Ulrich Schülke discovered it by preparing sodium hexametaphosphate by heating anhydrous sodium trimetaphosphate.

In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the diverse sodium hexametaphosphate uses and applications, addressing important safety considerations and practices associated with this chemical compound. Sodium hexametaphosphate has broad applications across different industries and is a critical component of various processes. In addition to providing an overview of its chemical formula and properties, we will explore its role in water treatment, the food industry, and different industrial processes.

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